Color Pigments
A pigment is colored material that is used to impart colors to other particles and objects. Pigments finds application in our day today life such as tooth paste, brush, hair combs, toys, etc.
Pigments can be classified into organic and inorganic pigments. Synthetic organic pigments are derived from coal tars and other petrochemicals. Inorganic pigments are made by relatively simple chemical reactions—notably oxidation—or are found naturally as earths.
Industrial color pigments
Industries such as paints, inks, plastics, fabrics, cosmetics, and food uses color pigments.
Before the development of synthetic pigments, and the refinement of techniques for extracting mineral pigments, batches of color were often inconsistent. With the development of a modern color industry, manufacturers and professionals have cooperated to create international standards for identifying, producing, measuring, and testing colors.
First published in 1905, the Munsell color system became the foundation for a series of color models, providing objective methods for the measurement of color. The Munsell system describes a color in three dimensions, hue, value (lightness), and chroma (color purity), where chroma is the difference from gray at a given hue and value.
Parameters of Color Pigments:
The following are some of the attributes of pigments that determine their suitability for particular manufacturing processes and applications:
- Lightfastness and sensitivity for damage from ultraviolet light
- Heat stability
- Toxicity
- Tinting strength
- Staining
- Dispersion (which can be measured with a Hegman gauge)
- Opacity or transparency
- Resistance to alkalis and acids
- Reactions and interactions between pigments
Inorganic vs Organic Pigments
While both organic and inorganic pigments are widely used in manufacturing, they differ in physical and chemical properties.
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